Chapter 3: Careers in Health Care

Part I: You are the Human Resource Specialist at the local health care facility. Your job responsibilities include advertising for available positions. Create a help wanted advertisement for one of the occupations listed below (or get one approved with Ms. Hammang)

respiratory therapist
pharmacy technician
Occupational therapy assistant
physical therapist
paramedic
medical assistant
dental hygienist
dental assistant
Registered Nurse
Certified Nursing Assistant
Nurse practitioner
Veterinary Technician
Medical Laboratory Technologist
Phlebotomist
Sonographer
Cardiovascular Tech.
Medical transcriptionist
Health Unit Coordinator
Central Processing Technician
Registered Dietician
Optometrist
Physicians Assistant
Athletic Trainer
Speech Therapist (pathologist)
Profusionist
Physical Therapy Assistant

Your Ad should include the following 

1. Job Title
2. Location (if your profession works in multiple locations pick one!)
3. Job description (at least 8-10 sentences...write these in your own words...no copying and pasting!)
4. Education required & Certification/licensure/registration (if required)
5. Desired personality traits and skills (this should be at least one paragraph)
6. Entry level salary
7. PLEASE PRINT 3 copies of this advertisement

Part II: 

Today (and Friday this week) you will be investigating a few health care careers! Remember...you will get a lot out of assignments like this if you put the effort in to RESEARCH and LEARN! This is about YOUR future!

1. You will choose TWO  health care careers (you can do a third one for a little extra credit) of interest to you and research using a variety of websites to learn about the job description, education, wages, working environment, and job outlook of each. After reflecting on what you have learned about each career, you will write a reflection paragraph describing whether or not this career is a match for you. Please give this portion of the assignment a great deal of thought and compose a detailed, reflective paragraph of no less than 6 sentences.

2. To complete the assignment, respond in a word document to the following questions. Provide information in complete sentences and double space between topics. When finished you will save it with the following title and email it to me at hammanga@gmail.com
      Title:     2012-11-27-YourName-CareerResearchTemplate

QUESTIONS to answer: 
1)Job Description: (examples: duties performed, level of responsibility, patient population)
2)Education: (examples: Levels of education required, type of course work)
3) Working Conditions (examples: schedule, setting, independent or part of staff/team)
4) Wages: (examples: median annual income, Montana/National averages, factors affecting income)
5)Job Outlook: (examples: projected job growth, job security, availability



Suggested websites to use...but you can use any. Just make sure you cite them!
Occupational Outlook Handbook (click on healthcare in the left side bar)
ExploreHealthCareers.org (pretty user friendly; note tabs at top on career pages)
WI Health Careers Information Center (amazing site...looks at 80 of the most common careers)American Medical Association (good info but limited number of careers) 

Medical Ethics in Health Care Systems

So far we have studied the "History of Medicine" and "Health Care Systems" units. We have focused on the contributions other cultures and individuals have made. We know that advancements in medical science occurred at blinding speeds during the 20th century. As we advance further into the 21st century, some say the possibilities are limitless. However, we must recognize that with every advancement lies new ethical questions. What will medicine look like when you are working in the field in a few years? What ethical issues will you be faced with in your lifetime? Read and View the following scenarios. Determine how you would react to these ethical dilemmas created by (potential) advancements in science. 

Assignment:

• Complete the numbered, highlighted tasks below. All should be completed in one document. 
• Number each task in your final paper (to keep it organized)
• Cite all sources (5 points)
• Save the document like this- -  2013-10-23-MedicalEthics-YourLastName  (2 points)
• Send it to my email at: hammanga@gmail.com (2 points)

Mrs. Fister Can Replace Her Dying Son (or can she?)

Mrs. Fister is grieving. Just this morning, her family had been together, having breakfast. Then Mr. Fister and little Junior had gone out on a walk to the corner store. They never returned. On the way home, a car hit them. Mr. Fister was killed instantly. Her son lies in a coma at the hospital. The doctors say Junior's brain is dead. They have asked Mrs. Fister permission to remove his breathing tube and shut down the machines. 

Mrs. Fister cannot bear the thought of losing both her husband and her child. She cannot imagine what it will be like to no longer be a wife and mother. Mrs. Fister remembers reading an article about cloning. She wonders if it might be possible to clone Junior to make a new child just like him. She realizes the new baby would not be Junior, but it would be as close as she could get. Plus, it would be a way to keep her beloved husband's name alive, through the child of his own flesh and blood. She is thinking of keeping Junior on life support machines at least long enough to find a doctor who can help her clone a baby. (source: Your Genes Your Choice). 

1a. Do you think this cloning technology will become available some day? (Why or why not? Explain thoroughly with information gained from sites of your choice. (5 points)
1b. How far should we take cloning? Again this should not JUST be your opinion...it should be supported with information from unbiased sites.  (5 points)
1c. Will it ever be ethically acceptable to clone an entire human being? (5 points)
Use other resources to help you develop your argument...make sure you cite those sources!

Dr. Lu's patients have the right to be tall (or do they?)

Dr. Lu has two patients with the same problem, but she isn't sure if she should treat them both. The patients, Tim and Rico, are seven-year old boys who are very short for their age. Tim will never grow much taller than five feet because his body does not produce enough of a hormone needed to grow. When he is an adult, Tim will be much shorter than his mother and father, who are both closer to six feet tall. Rico will never grow much taller than five feet either. Rico will be short because he has inherited his body build from his parents, who are both about five feet tall. 

Researchers have used genetic engineering to produce a growth hormone. Both sets of parents want this growth hormone to be prescribed for their sons to help them grow taller. They want this because they feel there are many advantages to being tall. 

Dr. Lu realizes that genes play a role in the height each child will reach. Tim will be short because of a single mutation in one gene that instructs for the production of a growth hormone. Rico will be short due to the many genes he inherited from two short parents. Despite this difference, the end result for both boys will be the same. Dr. Lu is thinking about prescribing the hormone for Tim, but not for Rico. However, she wonders if she is being fair. if you were Dr. Lu, what would you do? (source: Your Genes Your Choice)

2a. As new technologies become available, how will we decide which patients deserve treatment? (4 points)
2b. What role will money (people that have money vs. people that don't) play in this potential ethical dilemma? (5 points)

3. What is your vision for the future of medicine? List and define at least 3 technologies or innovations that you envision for the future. (6 points)

4. What technological advances (list at least 2 and describe) will bring us the greatest ethical challenges? (6 points)

5. How do you think we should manage these dilemmas? (5 points)

TOTAL for this assignment: 50 points

Affordable Care Act and Medicare - - Health Care Systems

PART 1: (25 points) Go to the Timeline of the Affordable Care Act , click on See More 2010 Changes to begin and complete:

On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act. The law puts in place comprehensive health insurance reforms that will roll out over four years and beyond, with most changes taking place by 2014.
    
2. Read the timeline, copy and paste the following..answer them with a  True or False

2010
A. Up to 4 million small businesses are eligible for tax credits to help them provide insurance benefits to their workers.
B. States will be able to choose to cover additional low-income individuals and families under Medicaid for whom federal funds were not previously available, and they will be eligible to receive federal matching funds.
C. 4 million seniors reached the gap in Medicare prescription drug coverage known as the “donut hole, and each senior received a tax-free, one-time check for $5,000.
D. A Pre-Existing Condition Insurance Plan (PCIP) provides new coverage options to individuals who have been uninsured for at least six months because of a pre-existing condition. States have the option of running this new program in their state. According to the Affordable Care Act, all discrimination against pre-existing conditions will be prohibited by 2014.
E. Under the new law, young adults are allowed to stay on their parent’s plan until they turn 26 years old.
F. All new plans must cover certain preventive services such as mammograms and colonoscopies, but there is no maximum out-of-pocket for the patient.
G. In the past, insurance companies could search for an error on a customer’s application and use this error to deny payment for services when he or she got sick. The new law makes this illegal.
H. Insurance companies are prohibited from imposing lifetime dollar limits on essential benefits, like hospital stays.
I. New rules allow denial of coverage to children under the age of 19 due to a pre-existing condition.

2011
J.  States can receive federal grants to set up or expand independent offices that help consumers navigate the private health insurance system, file complaints and appeals, enroll in health coverage, and get educated about their rights and responsibilities in group health plans or individual health insurance policies.
K. A $15 billion Prevention and Public Health Fund helps Americans prevent illnesses by educating on stopping smoking and keeping a healthy weight.
L. Since only 33% of medically underserved communities are in rural areas, that is not a significant enough percentage to provide additional funding for.
M. The law provides certain free preventive services, such as annual wellness visits and personalized prevention plans, for seniors on Medicare.
N. For health insurance plans sold to individuals and small employers, at least 80% of the premium must be spent on benefits and quality improvement. If these goals are not met because administrative costs or profits are too high, rebates must be provided to consumers.
O. The Community Care Transitions Program helps high-risk Medicare beneficiaries who are hospitalized avoid unnecessary readmissions by not allowing patients admittance into the hospital after two times.

2012
P. There are incentives for physicians to join and form “Accountable Care Organizations” where doctors can better coordinate patient care and improve the quality, help prevent disease and illness, and reduce unnecessary hospital admissions.
Q. A collection and reporting of racial, ethnic, and language data will help Health and Human Services identify and reduce health disparities.
R. Effective October 1st, the new law starts a series of changes to standardize billing and requires health plans to stop using all electronic sources of data collection.

2013-2015
S. Which three parts of the Affordable Care Act would be most beneficial to our current heath care system?Why??

PART 2: (15 points) Go to the New York Times Article and read it! 
1. What opportunities does the Affordable Care act provide?
2. What will happen to people who do not take part in the exchanges?
3. When were Americans 65 and older first eligible to take part in the new Medicare health insurance program? How many were insured then?
4. List ways that the 1960's were different than trying to insure the elderly today?
5.  What types of events are likely to increase the number of people eligible for the exchange subsidies?


Title your document: 2013-10-10-YOURLASTNAME-AffordableCareAct and email it to me at hammanga@gmail.com

TOTAL: 40 points::due next Tuesday

Welcome to Health Occupations! This is your classroom blog

Today, remember to use your rough draft to complete a flyer!

Background
You are the fundraising committee chair for a local chapter of a well known non-profit organization that provides health services. It is your responsibility to choose a fund raising event and create an 8.5 x 11 inch flyer advertising the even to the public. Your flyer should be eye-catching and informative.

Assignment
Include on your flyer:

1. Information about your fundraising event.
2. Your name as a contact person
3. Description of how the funds raised will be used by the organization
4. Mission of the non-profit organization
5. Description of disease/disorder supported by the organization
6. minimum of three statistics about the disease/disorder supported by the organization. 

7. Finally, Write a reflection (in the body of an email) on the following questions and email it to me at hammanga@gmail.com. In the subject line, type: Non-profit flyer

1)What were the reasons you chose the diseases/nonprofit organization that you did. List three
2)What were the overall ideas you learned from doing this assignment?

You Make Me Sick!

No...not really! :) But...

You’re sick!  For a few class periods in the computer lab, you will research an infectious disease (find a list of either bacterial or viral diseases HERE), and by the end of this project, you will know everything there is to know about your disease: how is it spread, how contagious is it, is it acute or chronic, is it fatal, and many more important and interesting facts! Let's try to choose all different diseases in our class!

In this project you have some different choices. You must choose and complete 2 of the following choices. You will need to turn in both (but you will have to present your favorite to the class). This grade is LARGE...spend some time on this! 

1.      1. Business Letter (With Bibliography)

You must also write a business letter to an organization that researches your disease or supports victims of your disease.  You should ask for current statistics concerning your disease as well as prevention and treatment information. (Your letter must be typed, 12-point font, 1-inch margins, at least 3 paragraphs)

Your bibliography is a typed list of all your sources, using APA format.  You must consult at least 5 sources.

2.       2. Basic Information Fact Sheet

You must use at least 5 sources (and write a bibliography for this one too) to gather the basic facts of your disease.  You will be graded on the quality of your answers and the variety of sources used.

Prepare a fact sheet providing answers to the following questions.  You can do this on powerpoint...or try out a program like Prezi! (Click on this link and scroll down almost all the way...and watch one of the "Prezis we like...")

 

·         What does the name of the disease mean?  Who named /discovered it?

·         What causes the disease?

·         Do any other organisms carry it or suffer from it?

·         Is it associated with a particular region of the world? Why?

·         How many people have been affected by this disease?

·         Is everyone equally vulnerable, or does it target certain people?  Why?

·         Is it chronic or acute?

·         Is it infectious, and if so, how easily does it spread?

·         What are the symptoms?

·         How is it diagnosed?

·         How does the virus, bacteria, bad gene, etc. interfere with the body to cause the symptoms?

·         How has the disease impacted the course of history? Give an example.

·         Is there a cure or vaccine?  If there isn’t, what progress has been made toward a cure or vaccine?

·         Add two of your own questions here and answer them.

3.       3. First Person Disease/Patient Narratives

You have a choice on this assignment.  Please choose only A or only B. This must be typed, 12-point font, double spaced, 1-inch margins.

A.      Write a 2 to 3 page story, using first person, as someone who has your disease.  Describe the progress of your disease.  Describe how and when you first knew something was wrong.  Describe the progress of your symptoms.  Tell how the disease has affected your daily life, including how your family and friends have responded.  Describe your hopes and fears for the future.  If your disease has an easy cure today (like the plague). Write your story as an historical character or a third world citizen for whom no cure is available.  You will be graded on accuracy and completeness as well as the quality of writing, creativity and emotion.

B.      Write a 2 to 3 page story from the point of view of the germ, virus, or whatever causes your disease.  What does the source of the disease hope to accomplish by infesting the body?  What is its experience inside the body?  How did it get there?  Does it mean to inflict the body?  This will be graded on accuracy and creativity.

4.       4. Time Line

Leprosy is discussed in the Old Testament.  The Plague significantly reduced the world’s population.  Hemophilia has had a huge impact on European royalty.  How has your disease influenced the course of history?  Construct an illustrated time line which includes all of the important events in the history of your disease.  It should include maps and graphs, as well as several other illustrations.  It should also include:

·         Earliest known sufferers

·         Documentation of the spread of the disease between regions of the world

·         Famous works of art or literature that mention the disease

·         Major outbreaks

·         Role in human migration and wars

·         First scientific study of the disease

·         Discovery of a cure or vaccine

·         Present day status

5.       5. The Song

Write a song describing the causes, effects, and/or symptoms of your disease.  Your song must be Karaoke-style original composition-you can use music that was written by someone else, but your words must be original.  It will be performed in class, and you should wear an appropriate costume.  Before your performance you must briefly explain any elements of the song that may be hard to understand.  Grading will be based on scientific and historical content, creativity, and listener appeal. You must hand in a copy of your lyrics one day prior to your performance (if you decide to present this one).

6.       6. The Debate

The World Health Organization is going to divide $180 million dollars between 6 diseases.  You want your disease to get its fair share!  Prepare a 3 minute persuasive speech explaining why your disease deserves the most money.  Your arguments can include the number of sufferers, the severity of the disease, the threat to the people of the world, and/or how close researchers are to finding a cure.  The Organization (class members) will decide how much of the $180 million dollars they'd like to give to you!

7.         7. ART!

Here is where you really get to be creative! In your own way, show anatomy and physiology, disease process, prognosis and treatments, medical terminology associated with disease, etc. Be CREATIVE. Try out a cool program like Wordle to help you? 

 

Infectous Agents

Hello All! I hope you are doing well :) Make sure you've handed in your case study from last week (The Blackout Syndrome) and that you have turned in your Chapter 17 textbook assignment.

I. Define each of the following types of biological agents that can cause infectious diseases:

A. Prions

B. Bacteria

C. Virus

D. Metazoa

E. Fungi

F. Protozoa

G. Rickettsia

II. Indicate a)which type of infectious agent causes the series of disease below and b)list two symptoms of each disease

A. Salmonella

B. Giardiasis

C. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

D. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

E. Influenza

F. Candidiasis

G. Measles

H. Typhus

I. Malaria

J. Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)


III. You will be making a small poster that contains the following information about your pathogen. Each card should fit one side of a 8.5 x 11 piece of paper and contain the following:

• The Name of your pathogen
• Picture of pathogen or transmission vector
• Brief description of pathogen (virus or bacteria, etc./shape/etc.)
• Offenses
• Attacks-transmission and description of infection target (if any)
• Outcome-name and brief description of the associated disease resulting from infection 
• Incubation-time from infection to presentation of symptoms (days, weeks, months, or years)
• Duration-typical length of infection
• Power-virulence and fatality rate
• Defenses
• Vaccine-name and brief description of developed vaccine (if any)
• Behavioral-preventative behavior to avoid infection
• Treatment-description of treatment if infected

A Study of Epidemiology

From the Worksheet that I provided for you, proceed to the Blackout Syndrome website. You will need to do a lot of reading today in different scenarios to devise an intelligible set of hypotheses on your worksheet. 

All answers will be completed on this worksheet. If you need help from your fellow health care workers (classmates), please ask them.  
This assignment is due FRIDAY this week!

March 27, 2013: Hello Health Occupations!

Hello All! Today is a day to really check your grades and make sure you are on track for the quarter! Check with me if you are missing something, and I can either get you a copy or make you a copy (hopefully!)

Go to this site

for the blood typing game from Nobel Prize. Read the introduction. Watch the intro video if you want....and don't kill any patients! Try the game here 

Try both the quiz game with random patients. What was your score? Email it to me.

Try also the Mission Based Game. With this one, you can enter your email...if you don't have one, maybe you can play with someone else? You can “erase” your email afterward....but it appears that the email is not used for any bad.

Wednesday, March 20th: Instructions (Countdown to SLC...1 day)

Hello Everyone!

Well, we're back in the lab today. I need everyone to do the following today:

1) If you are going to Great Falls tomorrow, you need to print off a copy of the event guidelines. To do that (even if you are a HOSA Bowler or doing another team event), go to this site, find your event...and print off applicable information. You MUST HAVE THIS with you . The judges will check! :)

2) Everyone needs to do the following due next Tuesday! Go to this site and read through it. These are but a few examples of medical mistakes that have led to patient injuries or death -- and have led further to changes in the way physicians in the United States practice medicine. Recognizing that all of these mistakes could have been prevented, the federal government and various medical academies have developed guidelines for prevention and treatment of many diseases.
     a)Please write a two-paragraph reflection on how important it is that these medical mistakes were considered when deciding legislation.Write about two more mistakes out there that should warrant new legislation?

2. If you are not attending conference, make sure you have completed your
a)Diabetes Case Study
b)Ethical Scenarios

3)Make sure you've completed your living will! I will be putting this in as a third quarter grade. END OF THIRD QUARTER is MARCH 28th! So, you need to make sure you have all items completed.

4)Also if you have an upcoming job shadow, you MUST complete the online training!

Instructions for ONLINE TRAINING for job shadow

Once you complete your online training, we can set you up to job shadow. I'd like you to finish your online training, so we can get everyone scheduled by March 27th:

HealthStream Instructions

1. Open the internet
2. Go to this website
3. The computer must allow pop-ups to use this program. To do this, click on the TOOLS tab at the top of your screen. Click on POP-UP BLOCKER, and then click on TURN OFF POP-UP BLOCKER. If it already has the pop up blocker off, leave it off.
4. You should now be at the log-in page of HealthStream. The log-in directions displayed on the screen DO NOT pertain to you as a high school student.

**Your user ID is the first letter of your first name and your full last name. The initial password is EDUCATION. Please change your password after your first
log-in. To change your password, click on the “my profile” tab and then click on “manage account information”.

i.e. Cheyanne Sparks… user ID:csparks

5. Enter your user ID and password, click the log-in button
6. An informational screen will appear, click continue to enter into your learning portal
7. You should now be at a page with a titled tab “My Learning.” Under “Assigned Learning” you will see the courses to be completed. These are highlighted in blue. The courses must be completed within 60 days.
8. Click on the course you want to complete and you will be taken to a page titled “Course Details”. This will list the educational course in blue, which must be completed first. Click on the titled course, and begin. Most of the courses have an audio component included (optional).
9. Click on the exam, and complete.
10.Once you have successfully passed the exam you can click on the “my transcript” tab. Select the completed course. Under “Continuing Education Credit Information” click “view certificate”
11.Print the completion certificate to turn into your teacher.

To log in...you need to put in your first letter of your first name and your last name. For instance, my name is Angela Hammang, so my username is ahammang

Your password is EDUCATION (in all caps).

Good LUCK! Bring me your results soon, so we can get you scheduled for your job shadow! :)

Ethical Scenarios

Discuss whether the appropriate actions were taken in each of the following scenarios. Support your answer with references to the AMA ethical guidelines or the general code of ethics for health care workers found in your text book.

1. A local politician was admitted to the hospital for chest pain. That night, the politician's nurse talked about his situation at home with her husband (including his high blood alcohol level). The husband thought he had a duty to the public to warn them of the politician’s alleged alcohol problem. The next day the newspaper printed a damaging story about him quoting from an anonymous source.

2. Jamie, the nurse aid, was ordered to measure blood sugar readings on several patients. She had never been formally trained to operate the glucometer but agreed to take the readings. She had trouble getting the blood glucometer to register Mr. Sweet's blood sugar reading. She had several other patients waiting for her help, so she looked at his last 2 readings and recorded a number in between.

3. Mr. B. is dying of cancer. His wife calmly explains to the doctor that she knows he would not want to suffer so much and asks for him to be given a lethal dose of morphine. The doctor expresses empathy for Mrs. B and his family but explains that she cannot ethically nor legally carry out the wishes of Mr. B.

4. A doctor has determined that an unborn fetus is severely deformed and will not likely live more than a few weeks after birth. Furthermore, the condition will most certainly threaten the life of the mother during childbirth. Upon sharing the news with his patient, she refuses an abortion stating that it is against her moral and religious beliefs. The doctor continues to persuade and pressure his patient until she reluctantly agrees to the procedure.

5. Mr. X suffered a knee injury while downhill skiing. The doctor performed a thorough physical exam and has determined that Mr. X has strained but not severely damaged the ligaments in his knee. She instructs Mr. X to rest the knee and provides a referral to physical therapy. Mr. X is furious with the doctor and insists that she order an MRI. Despite the patient’s argument the doctor upholds her diagnosis and does not order the MRI.

6. Dr. Z is assisting during a routine surgery when the patient unexpectedly dies. The patient has declared herself as an organ donor. Dr. Z happens to have a patient that is on the waiting list for a heart transplant. He shares this information with the head surgeon and the procedure is quickly underway to determine if Dr. Z’s patient is a match for the available donor organ.

7. Dr. DNA has performed genetic testing on Mr. and Mrs. Smith to determine the probability that they may pass a family genetic disorder to their offspring. Mr. Smith’s employer learns of the test and requests a copy of the results. Dr. DNA informs the employer that the results are confidential and cannot legally or ethically share the results.

8. Mrs. O’Leary’s nurse enters her room to find her unconscious, not breathing, and without a pulse. The nurse is aware of the Do Not Resuscitate order in Mrs. O’Leary’s chart. However, she is certain that Mrs. O’Leary has only been unconscious for a minute or less and feels that she can revive the patient. The nurse activates a code blue. Mrs. O’Leary’s pulse is quickly regained after defibrillation as the nurse had suspected.

9. While performing a routine physical Dr. XYZ notices bruising on her patient’s arm. She asks about the injury and the patient reports that her boyfriend is abusive. Dr. XYZ feels that the injury is minor and plans to check back with the patient when she sees her again in six months.

10. While eating lunch with several other nurses, Buffy shares a story of her patient that was “so fat she couldn’t fit on the commode and smelled worse than something you’d find in a barn yard.”

Advanced Directives and Living Wills

For your reference (you got a copy of this last week)...here's an example of what someone's living will declaration might look like...now you write yours! :) Print it, sign it, date it, have two classmates sign it, and turn it in tomorrow.

Living Will Declaration

I, the undersigned, do fully recognize that death is as much a reality as birth, growth, maturity, and old age-it is the one certainty of life. If the time comes when I can no longer take part in decisions for my future, let this statement stand as an expression of my wishes, while i am still of sound mind.

If I should have an incurable or irreversible illness, accident, or condition that will cause my death within a relatively short time, it is my desire that my life not be prolonged by administration of life-sustaining procedures. If my condition is terminal and I am unable to participate in decisions regarding my medical treatment, I direct that __________________will make the decision of whether or not to withhold or withdraw procedures that merely prlong the dying process and are not necessary to my comfort or freedom from pain. By this declaration I am not asking you to withhold food or drink. It is my intention that this declaration shall be valid until revoked by me.

This request is made after careful consideration. I hope that you who care for me will feel morally and legally bound to follow its mandate. I recognize that this appears to place a heavy responsibility upon you, but it is with the intention of relieving you of such responsibility and of placing it upon myself in accordance with my strong convictions, that this statement is made:

DATED this ________________day of ________________, 2013

_________________________________________(signature)

_________________________________________(Witness #1)

_________________________________________(Witness #2)

Diabetes Case Study/Competitive Events Studying!

Monday, March 4th!

I hope you are all well. I am in sunny Billings enjoying Key Club convention.

The objectives are easy today:

1)If you are studying for competitive events, then you MUST study for competitive events. You test NEXT week, and it is important that you use this time wisely. On a previous post, I listed a BUNCH of websites, quizlets you can go to to study your event! Please use these and search for more study tools. Also go onto the hosa website, click on the "competitive events guidelines" link, scroll down and find your event(s). Figure out ways that you can prepare for your tests!  Even though you are allowed to go to convention regardless of your score, you want to do well and represent your school well! :)

2)If you are NOT studying for competitive events, then you are going to complete a diabetes case study online. Type your answers on a separate piece of paper and turn them in by Friday.
     a) Go to the Diabetes Case Study
     b) Read the scenario, then proceed through the objectives, page 1, etc.
     c) All the while please complete the questions (you'll be able to answer them through your research and clicking on  links that the case study recommends).
     d) Answer all questions (word document or written on paper)
     e) Send them to Mrs. H's email (hammanga@gmail.com) and/or hand the hard copy in.
     f) DON'T be afraid to learn something new! You must dive in to learn anything new though! :) Have fun :)

Topics and Study Guides for Events

1. Medical Math  and Medical Terminology:
-Check out these flashcards that have medical math abbreviations. (uncheck the box that says "both sides")
-And check these cards out too! 
-Study these too!
 
2. Medical Terminology
The following is a breakdown are the topics you will need to be familiar with before taking the written exam. 5% Overview of Body, 5% Skeletal, 5% Respiratory, 5% Digestive, 5% Cardiovascular and Lympatic, 5% Nervous/Special Senses, 5% Endocrine, 5% Reproduction, 5% Integumentary, 5% Urinary and 45% roots, suffixes, prefixes.
    -Try these flashcards (uncheck the box that says "both sides")
    -Try these cards to help you practice basic anatomy and physiology terms

3. HOSA Bowl practice
   -Try this practice   
   -And other practice at this site 

4. Medical and Dental Terminology

• Go to this file and download the pdf. Practice pages 9-10 alot before printing and completing pages 11-15. Good luck!
• Go to this site to check out HOSA Dental Terms

Events for Conference!

Hello! Many of you are involved in events for the HOSA competition in Great Falls on March 21-23. Below, I am giving a list of things to study! Most of you will be taking an online component for your test before we even get on the bus to go to convention. There is about a 10-day window to take this test. And our very own Counselor will be proctoring these exams. We'll let you know MORE VERY soon! :) The following is a list of students with their events:

Caitlyn: Veterinary Science
Austin: HOSA Bowl (team of 4)
Kayla: CPR/First Aid (team of 2)
Ellie: CPR/First Aid (team of 2)
Jace: HOSA Bowl (team of 4), Forensics (team of 2), Medical Terminology, Medical
               Law and Ethics
Sienna: Prepared Speech
Allie: HOSA Bowl (team of 4), Medical Terminology
Elizabeth: Pharmacology, Epidemiology
Darby: Medical Math
Shilo: Medical Math, Forensics (team of 2)
Katie: Medical Photography
Kansas: Sports Medicine, HOSA Bowl (team of 4)
Levi : Dental Terminology

A new post will be available very soon with some ideas of things to study this week and next (as we spend time getting prepared for our specialty events!)

Ethics in Medicine

For part 1 and 2 below, please email me your file with the following file name: "2013-02-19-Ethics-yourname". These are due by next Tuesday at midnight.

PART I: Use the recommended links below (and also some other trusted websites) to answer the following questions:

1. Health care institutions are obligated to translate or simplify the patient bill of rights to ensure that their patients are able to understand the document. If you can find another copy of the patient bill of rights, you can use that! As a human relations employee at a hospital located in a low-socioeconomic area, you have been assigned to the task of re-writing #1 - #7 at a sixth grade reading level to accommodate non-native English speaking patients and patients that are poor readers. Adapt each (#1-7) point to a lower reading level but be careful not to lose the overall meaning of the statement.

2. Review further information on OBRA here. What brought about OBRA? How might the components of OBRA improve living conditions for residents of nursing homes?

3. Explain the relationship between confidentiality and HIPAA. Is ALL patient information required to be kept confidential at ALL TIMES? Are there any exceptions?  Explain.

4. You are an oncologist (cancer doctor) dealing with a terminal patient. The patient complains that he is confused and overwhelmed because his family is pressuring him to make end of life decisions. His oldest son has told the patient that he should turn over all decision making to him before he becomes too sick to make his own decisions. Reassure your patient by explaining PSDA and living will options.

 PART II: Read the following scenarios and then answer the questions below: 

A. Mr. Duke v. Dr. Rodriguez and University Hospital

Points of law to consider about informed consent:

· A competent individual has the authority to refuse lifesaving treatment

· A physician who treats a patient despite the patient’s refusal is liable for assault and battery

· A person is considered to be competent unless the evidence shows otherwise

Mrs. Duke died of respiratory failure on July 24, 2007. Her breathing tube became dislodged that day and she and Mr. Duke refused, for more than two hours, to allow the medical personnel to reinsert it. After she finally consented to the re-intubation, an emergency room physician performed the procedure. Several minutes later however, Mrs. Duke coded and she was pronounced dead at 6:30 AM.

The plaintiff argues that Dr. Rodriguez should have gone to the hospital and re-intubated Mrs. Duke despite her wishes. During the trial, Dr. Rodriguez established that he would not have performed the re-intubation without the patient’s consent, even if he had gone to the hospital that morning. Nurse McKay, one of the ICU nurses who cared for Mrs. Duke throughout the morning, testified that patient’s breathing tubes frequently become dislodged. She stated that the emergency room physician would have been called to perform the re-intubation the moment Mrs. Duke signed the consent form.

Dr. Bone was the medical expert for the Dukes. He stated that Dr. Rodriguez’s conduct fell below the standard of care because: 1) Mrs. Duke was not competent to refuse intubation, 2) the situation was an emergency and Mrs. Duke’s consent was therefore implied, 3) Dr. Rodriguez should have gone to Mrs. Duke’s bedside to evaluate her competency, 4) a timely intubation would have saved Mrs. Duke’s life. According to Dr. Bone, “Mrs. Duke was in no position to judge appropriate therapy for herself and make a rational decision.”

Nurse McKay, three other ICU nurses, and Dr. Franks, the emergency room physician who eventually re-intubated Mrs. Duke, testified that the entire period of time Mrs. Duke was without a breathing tube she was awake, alert, oriented, and asking appropriate questions. In Nurse McKay’s chart notes at 4:00AM it was written that Mrs. Duke “was informed of and understood the risk of death if the tube is not timely reinserted.”

ANALYSIS QUESTIONS: Discuss the points of law for informed consent. Why didn't the medical personnel re-intubate Mrs. Duke? Were their actions appropriate? Explain. Are Dr. Bone's arguments valid? Explain. If you were a jury member in this case how would you rule? Explain.

B. Myrtle Otis v. University Hospital

In this case, consider the following legal standard:

·     In a wrongful death lawsuit, the plaintiff must prove more likely than not that the death was caused by the defendant’s negligence.

On October 10, 2009, at 10:00 AM, Harry Otis suffered lower abdominal pain and fainted at home. His wife called the office of his gasteroenterologist, Dr. Land, to inform Dr. Land of these symptoms. Dr. Land told Mrs. Otis to call an ambulance and have Mr. Otis transported to the University Hospital emergency room. Mr. Otis was transported to the emergency room and arrived at 10:25 AM. The emergency room staff was informed by Mrs. Otis that Dr. Land said he would meet them in the emergency room. The emergency room staff did not take a history or examine Mr. Otis in the belief that Dr. Land was coming to the emergency room and would arrive shortly. Dr. Land did not respond to the emergency room’s page at 10:30AM or 10:40AM because he was performing a procedure on another patient in the hospital’s outpatient clinic.

Mr. Otis complained of increasing abdominal pain and asked to use a bedpan at 10:50AM. Soon after straining on the bedpan, Mr. Otis could not catch his breath. Dr. Land arrived in the emergency room at 10:55AM and had just entered Mr. Otis’ room when Mr. Otis went into cardiac arrest. Mr. Otis died 35 minutes after arriving at the hospital. The autopsy revealed that he died from a ruptured abdominal aneurysm which caused massive internal bleeding.

Mrs. Otis brought a wrongful death action against the hospital alleging negligence by the emergency room staff in not taking a history and failing to physically examine Mr. Otis. Mrs. Otis’ expert witness, Dr. John Baily, a cardiologist, testified that the inaction by the emergency room staff violated acceptable medical standards.

The hospital’s expert witness, Dr. Candel, a thoracic surgeon, testified that someone in Mr. Otis had no better chance to survive if there had been an immediate diagnosis of the aneurysm and emergency surgery.

· ANALYSIS QUESTIONS: Do you think Dr. Land is at fault? Explain

· Do you think the hospital is at fault? Explain

· Is there sufficient evidence to prove the wrongful death of Mr. Otis? Explain.